Antinuclear Antibodies (ANA)
titreAntibodies directed against your own cell nuclei.
Why it matters
A screening test for autoimmune conditions such as lupus. A positive result needs clinical interpretation, as it occurs in healthy people too.
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What's measured
Every marker below is read against optimal ranges — not just the lab reference band — and explained by a clinician on your results call.
Antibodies directed against your own cell nuclei.
Why it matters
A screening test for autoimmune conditions such as lupus. A positive result needs clinical interpretation, as it occurs in healthy people too.
Antibodies against the enzyme your thyroid uses to make hormone.
Why it matters
The clearest sign of autoimmune thyroid disease. They often appear years before thyroid function itself changes.
An antibody associated with rheumatoid arthritis.
Why it matters
Supports diagnosis in people with joint pain, though it is neither perfectly sensitive nor specific.
The primary screening antibody for coeliac disease.
Why it matters
Highly accurate, but only while you are still eating gluten — testing after cutting it out gives false reassurance.
An antibody against a gluten protein fragment.
Why it matters
A supporting coeliac marker, particularly useful in IgA-deficient people.
The total immunoglobulin A in your blood.
Why it matters
Checked before coeliac antibody testing, because IgA deficiency causes false negatives.
An IgG-class antibody against gluten protein.
Why it matters
Used when IgA deficiency makes the standard coeliac screen unreliable.
A protein your liver releases in response to inflammation anywhere in the body.
Why it matters
Sensitive but non-specific: it confirms inflammation is present without saying where. Persistently mild elevation is linked to cardiovascular risk.
Antibodies against the protein needed to absorb vitamin B12.
Why it matters
Confirms pernicious anaemia as the cause of B12 deficiency, which changes how it must be treated.